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Seabirds of the Pacific Ocean

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

42 seabird species are known or suspected to breed in the Pacific 17 are endemic.

Seabird conservation through invasive species management

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Cranwell, Steve

Seabirds of the Pacific Islands; 42 species of seabird known or suspected to breed throughout the tropical Pacific islands. 10 are considered endemic. 11 globally threatened (CR, EN, VU) and one near threatened species.

Seabird colony database - an introduction

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

O'Brien, Mark

Distribution of recorded seabird colonies in the Pacific, Colonies from Helen reef, Palau in the west to Clipperton in the East and from Marotoro, French Polynesia in the south Uracus, N. Marianas in the north. Nearly 6,000 rows of data, each row represents a single survey of a single species at a single colony.

Restauration des motu inhabites

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Withers, Tehani

Statues and biodiversity of seabirds.

Pacific Seabird Action Plan : presentation

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Identify existing datasets on Pacific seabirds, update and expand the Regional seabird colony and tracking database and ensure access through SPREP's Pacific Environmental Portal. Promote access and data submissions to the portal amongst members and partners.

Review of 2013-2017 marine species action plans

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Hendriks, Hannah

The purpose of this work was to consult with Pacific islands countries and territories to determine progress on implementation of the 2013-2017 action plans. Identify issues and challenges with implementing the plans. Obtain feedback about the plans in general. And the objective is to develop a series of Marine species action plans for 2022-2026

Effect of pelagic longline bait type on species selectivity: a global synthesis of evidence

Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

Gilman, Eric

Fisheries can profoundly affect bycatch species with ‘slow’ life history traits. Managing bait type offers one tool to control species selectivity. Different species and sizes of marine predators have different prey, and hence bait, preferences. This preference is a function of a bait’s chemical, visual, acoustic and textural characteristics and size, and for seabirds the effect on hook sink rate is also important. We conducted a global meta-analysis of existing estimates of the relative risk of capture on different pelagic longline baits.

State of the Environment and Conservation in the Pacific Islands: 2020 Regional Report: Indicator 21 - Status of Migratory Species of Concern

SPREP Publications, Biodiversity Conservation

Available Online

To date, there is no defined list of priority migratory species of concern (indicator species) at the regional level for the Pacific islands to direct efforts. The Regional Marine Species Action Plans (under revision; see below) and the regional CMS Memorandum of Understanding (2006) for cetaceans can be considered as part of regional level prioritisation. For birds, Bird Life’s Data zone includes a list of migratory species for each country in the region. At the national level, priority species may be defined in the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) created as part of country efforts under the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Canna seabird recovery project: 10 years on

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Rats were eradicated in 20052006 from the islands of Canna and Sanday, Scotland (total area 1,320 ha). Poison bait was laid from December 2005 onwards and the last rat was killed in February 2006. An intensive period of monitoring over the next two years con?rmed that no rats remained on the islands. Seabirds have been monitored on Canna for nearly 50 years and some species have shown good evidence of recovery since the eradication. Other species have not recovered and this may have been due to mortality caused by food shortages or storm events which have been impacting seabirds in the region. These regional changes in pressures affecting the seabird populations make the interpretation of the impacts of the rat eradication programme much more difficult. Atlantic puffins, formerly con?ned to off shore stacks, have recolonised sites on the mainland of Canna and a count of over 2,000 was recorded in 2016. Manx shearwaters, which had ceased nesting in the monitored colony have made a slow recovery to one or two pairs in 2016. Productivity has also increased from a low of 0.2 chicks per nest in the 1990s to 0.74 in 2017. European shags nesting in boulder colonies were most susceptible to rat predation. One such colony has recovered from 45 nests in 2005 to 75 in 2016 and productivity increased from less than 0.7 chicks per nest to an average of 1.6 following eradication. Populations of shags nesting in cliff locations have shown no recovery or have declined. Mew gulls, which nest along the shoreline, have increased from ?ve to over 30 pairs. Other seabirds, such as common guillemots and black-legged kittiwakes, have shown no clear trends and are probably affected by other factors. Rabbit populations have increased on both islands, reaching an estimated 15,500 animals in 2013 that were causing considerable damage through grazing, erosion, and disturbance of archaeological remains. It is unclear whether the increase in rabbit numbers can be attributed to rat eradication. An intensive control programme has brought the rabbit population under control. While some seabirds have responded positively to the rat eradication, the response of some has been slow and others have not responded, probably as a result of regional pressures on their survival. It is important that monitoring of both seabirds and rabbits continues to track the success of this important seabird colony.

The history of the aerial application of rodenticide in New Zealand

Biodiversity Conservation, BRB

Available Online

Broome, K.

Garden, P.

McClelland, P.

Following the incursion of rats (Rattus rattus) on Taukihepa (Big South Cape Island; 93.9 km²) off southern New Zealand in 1963, and the subsequent extirpation of several endemic species, the New Zealand Wildlife Service realised that, contrary to general belief at the time, introduced predators do not reach a natural balance with native species and that a safe breeding habitat for an increasing number of at risk species was urgently needed. Off shore islands offered the best option for providing predator free habitat but there was a limited number of predator-free islands available and most were very small. Eradicating rodents on larger islands to provide a wider range and greater area of habitats was required and hand treating these larger areas using trapping and hand application of toxicants, the only methods available at the time, proved problematic and often impossible. Helicopters had been used to distribute bait for the control of rabbits and brushtail possums in the past but eradication of any particular predator species was considered not feasible. The development of a GPS-based aircraft guidance system, a suitable bait product, specialised bait delivery systems and second-generation anti-coagulant toxicants changed that. Now islands as large as South Georgia (3,900 km²) have been treated using this method

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